With no peer competitor, balance-of-power politics was temporarily taken off the table. Washington was free to pursue what Mearsheimer calls liberal hegemony: an ambitious project to remake the world in America’s image.
The strategy had three core goals. First, spread liberal democracy everywhere. Second, deepen economic interdependence and globalise capitalism. Third, build and expand international institutions so that every state would become a “responsible stakeholder.”
The intellectual foundation was Francis Fukuyama’s “End of History” thesis — the idea that humanity was marching inexorably toward a world of liberal democracies.
As Mearsheimer told me, this required a highly interventionist foreign policy. And the results have been disastrous.
Instead of a more peaceful, democratic world, the United States found itself trapped in endless wars that it could not win. Worse, the militarism required to sustain liberal hegemony began eroding liberal values at home.
“Liberalism abroad,” he wrote in 2018, “leads to illiberalism at home.”
That sentence looks prophetic today.
The unipolar moment, Mearsheimer argues, ended around 2017 with the rise of China and the return of Russia as a great power. Multipolarity is back. Great-power politics is back.
And yet the habits of liberal hegemony have proved extraordinarily difficult to break.
We discussed Donald Trump’s complicated relationship with this worldview. In his first term, Trump ran explicitly against liberal hegemony. The 2025 National Security Strategy, Mearsheimer notes, is in many ways a realist document. Yet in practice Trump has repeatedly reached for the same tools of social engineering he once rejected — most dramatically in Iran.
Regime change by force of arms is not liberal hegemony in the classic sense (Trump has no interest in exporting democracy), but it is still the same fatal delusion: the belief that a foreign society can be reshaped at the end of a rifle barrel.
History, Mearsheimer insists, is unambiguous on this point. Vietnam, Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran — the common denominator is not communism, terrorism or theocracy.
It is nationalism.
Nationalism remains the most powerful political ideology on the planet. People will fight and die in extraordinary numbers to preserve their right to self-determination. Any power that forgets this runs into a buzzsaw.
The same logic applies to Ukraine. Mearsheimer traces the roots of the current war directly to the decisions of the unipolar moment — specifically NATO expansion. The drive to push the Western institutional order eastward was not primarily about containing a Russian threat that barely existed in the 1990s. It was an expression of liberal hegemony.
The Russians eventually drew a red line.
The result has been a catastrophic war that has already shattered Ukrainian statehood and will likely produce a frozen conflict accompanied by ethnic cleansing on both sides of the new front lines.
What makes the conversation particularly valuable is Mearsheimer’s insistence on the deeper theoretical tension between liberalism and nationalism. Liberalism, with its emphasis on universal, inalienable individual rights, has a powerful universalist impulse. Taken to its logical conclusion, that impulse struggles to justify national borders at all.
Nationalism, by contrast, is particularistic. It is about “us” versus “them,” about national identity, culture and sovereignty.
This tension plays out in immigration policy, in the European Union’s battles with figures like Viktor Orbán, and in the growing backlash against “Davos Man” — the thoroughly internationalised elite that feels more at home in global institutions than in any particular nation.
Mearsheimer is frank that people like himself (and, he notes, people like me) are in many ways Davos men. The difference is that we do not treat the rest of the world as a mission field for liberal conversion.
The tragedy of the past thirty years is that Western elites became so intoxicated with the idea of liberal hegemony that they lost the ability to see the world as it is. They dismissed nationalism as a spent force, treated realism as a dirty word, and convinced themselves that social engineering was both possible and moral.
The bill for that hubris is now being paid in blood in Ukraine, in Iran, in Gaza and in the growing domestic polarisation across the West.
Mearsheimer does not argue that liberalism and nationalism are oil and water. He believes they can coexist — and historically have coexisted — in liberal nation-states such as Britain and the United States.
But the balance has to be struck carefully. Liberalism can temper the sharper edges of nationalism; nationalism can prevent liberalism from dissolving into universalist overreach.
Getting that balance right is the task of any serious statesman. And, right now, there is a statesmanship vacuum in the west, as I have noted many times before.
As always, talking to John Mearsheimer is both bracing and clarifying.
He does not offer comforting illusions.
He offers a framework for understanding why so many of our foreign-policy disasters were not accidents, but the predictable consequences of a particular set of ideas.
The Great Delusion should be required reading for anyone who still believes that the West can simply will a liberal world order into existence.
You can watch the full conversation here between IAN and Mearsheimer, youtube.
As I have said, I will always ensure Israel has the ability to defend itself against Iran and Iran backed terrorist militias. My commitment to the security of Israel is unwavering. And let us be clear, Iran is not only a threat to Israel, Iran is also a threat to American personnel in the region. American interest and innocent civilians across the region who suffer at the hands of Iran based and backed terrorist proxies. We will never hesitate to take whatever action is necessary to defend US forces and interest against Iran and Iran backed terrorist, and we'll continue to work with our allies and partners to disrupt Iran's aggressive behavior and hold them accountable.”
US ने जंग में उतारे 50 हज़ार सैनिक ! लेबनान में घुसा इज़रायल तो आया फ्रांस ईरान भी कूदा, विश्व युद्ध 3 शुरू ? 1. लेबनान में घुसा इज़रायल, खौफनाक हुए हालात ? 2. अमेरिका, ईरान, फ्रांस कूदे, विश्व युद्ध 3 शुरू ? 3. बदले की आग में कितना खतरनाक हुआ हिज़्बुल्लाह ? 4. क्या पूरा होगा ईरान के परमाणु बम का सपना ? 5. विश्व युद्ध 3 हुआ तो दुनिया में कितना नुकसान ?
22 July 2024
15 January 2024
The World is shifting by Angelo Giuliano.
www.peoplewithoutborders.co.nz
A decade ago it would have been unthinkable that > - Saudi Arabia would dump the US dollar and start trading in other currencies - that Yemeni would face head to head the UK and the US - that Russia would confront directly NATO in Ukraine - that BRICS would start working on de-dollarisation of their trade - that South Africa would bring Israel to the ICC to face justice against their crimes against the Palestinian people. - that US partners such as Turkey, Brazil, India would not go along sanctions against Russia. - that France would be kicked out from Africa. - that most of the World would stop buying US bond/US debt thus bringing the US Ponzi scheme close to an end. - that US would be defeated and humiliated by the Talibans - that Russia would stand firmly against the US in Syria - that Russia would have demilitarised (in ammunition) all NATO countries, Russia having a more important military industrial base/capacity than all NATO countries combined. - that the collective West would destroy their economies by sanctioning Russia. The Global South is getting emboldened and knows the US is no more invincible, US allies are starting to hedge their bets as they realise they have been hostages by the US. We need to look at long term trends and it seems irreversible, it is an era of Multipolar World. 2024-2025 will be defining moments of either confrontation or the mad dog, decadent, declining will try a last attempt to hold onto its hegemony.
12 October 2023
"Russia represents a pole in a multipolar world.
Islam represents a pole in a multipolar world. Both poles stand against the West’s desperate attempts to maintain – even if it risks a world war – unipolarity and global dominance. The Palestinian conflict with Israel was not a civilizational frontline, but now it is. Similarly, the tensions between Russia and Ukraine were regional until the West supported the nationalists in Kyiv. This made the war in Ukraine a frontline of a global confrontation between multipolarity and unipolarity". https://twitter.com/Agdchan/status/1712020270116999424
"The West is not Judeo-Christian" An Essay by Dr. Alexander Dugin
28 September 2023
Rakesh Krishnan Simha tweets (Reproduced in totality) "Do you know why Adolf Hitler is the most hated person in the West although the British, Spanish, Belgians and Portuguese killed more people? The West hates Hitler because he killed white people. If Nijjar was indeed killed by Indian intelligence agents in Canada, it would mean a significant escalation of violence in a white country by a major non white nation. Next, a white guy could be targeted. That can't happen because white lives are precious. Secondly, the West likes to protect its SOBs. US President Franklin Roosevelt said of American support for the corrupt Nicaraguan dictator, Anastasio Somoza Garcia, "He may be a son of a bitch, but he's our son of a bitch." When Pakistani dictator Yahya Khan was committing the genocide of his own Bengali citizens, US President Richard Nixon and his sidekick Henry Kissinger solidly backed him. In fact, it was his barbaric side they loved because he was killing the hated Hindu. Another SOB was Rabindar Singh, the CIA spy in RAW. Indian agents had become aware that Singh was secretly photo copying classified documents after work and taking them home. While they started tailing him, the CIA realized his game was up so they quickly exfiltrated him via Nepal and settled him in the US. Sadly, India didn't take out his family who continued to be in touch with him. SOBs like Rabindar Singh and Nijjar will always be protected. India must accept the reality and allow RAW to do its job. Mossad is admired by the Western media, Hollywood and the Western public for its daring acts. Even when a job blows up in its face, Mossad or Israel don't offer any explanations. India must also ignore the Western media and its puppeteers in Washington, Paris, Berlin, London. Unlike the Palestinians, the Khalistanis are actual cowards, and their courage has already disappeared. A few more Nijjars and they will be invoking Gandhi. The average Khalistani may be physically stronger than the average Indian, but they should be reminded of the famous line by Samuel Colt, “God created men, Col. Colt made them equal." In every possible scenario of a clash between terrorists and RAW, the terrorists will lose".
26 September 2023
5 September 2023
Mumbai: "We are living in a very multi-polar, very dynamic and robust world which is facing a lot of challenges and in that the absolute necessity is to have global collaborations whether on the strategic issue or on the economy or any other," says Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman during her address at the inaugural session of the fourth edition of Global Fintech Fest 2023. https://twitter.com/ANI/status/1698932546195923202
21 August 2023
BRICS discuss the Unipolar and Multipolar system.
"Exclusive interview w/ Dilma Rousseff, President of New Development Bank. #BRICSSummit2023
3 things she points out:
Serving as former president of an emerging economy (Brazil) helped her understand the need for multipolarity.
NDB focuses on challenges faced by Global South countries, developing countries need more investments.
Dollar dominance is an absurd privilege." https://twitter.com/Jingjing_Li/status/1693525589960106262
7 August 2023
Sarah on Twitter: "This, while they pose as paragons of human rights and international law. https://t.co/wKLwkINrtt" / X Chart indicates the places where USA bombed since World War II.
31 July 2023
Russia, India, and China should encourage neighbors to join groups propagated by Russia, India, and China. Name it BRICS or a new name to challenge the old United Nations as the United Nations of Africa, Arab, Asia, and Europe (AAAE). The identity of religion, territory, color, and race should be diluted to minimize conflict. This shall bestow the people with prosperity and happiness. It does not matter who invests in the infrastructure and health care. It should be for peace and prosperity. Terror organizations should be handled by rigid rules and regulations. Human rights must be important but not at the cost of human responsibilities and duties. Innovate a new currency like Euro for this new United Nations. The establishment of the new United Nations is important, for old organizations of the old United Nations failed to deliver the results. Consider the failure of the judicial system of India, which sank due to the appeasement and corrupt policies of Congress (INC). New technology shall help in improving the administration of the new United Nations of AAAE. Intellectuals of AAAE should guide humanity further to establish the New World Order of AAAE.
"Once seen as a loose association of diverse emerging economies, BRICS – aimed at promoting peace, security, development, and cooperation – represents 43 percent of the world’s population, 26 percent of its land area, and about 30 percent of the global economy.
At the BRICS summit next month in Johannesburg, contenders to join the bloc includes Argentina, Egypt, Indonesia, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Bangladesh, and Iran." Parth Satam. July 28, 2023. https://www.eurasiantimes.com/china-pakistan-vs-india-at-brics-rivals-become-prics-as-bloc-on-way-to-become-economic-powerhouse/
14 July 2023
"We have seen that the European Parliament held a discussion on developments in Manipur and adopted a so-called urgency resolution. Such interference in India's internal affairs is unacceptable and reflects a colonial mindset: MEA spokesperson Arindam Bagchi" https://twitter.com/ANI/status/1679534457148284930/photo/1
Unipolarity leads to the colonial structure if the West's model is accepted. East's welfare unipolar model does not lead to interference but leads to a selfless helping hand by power. In order to achieve the Hindu version of Unipolarity (Ram Rajya or period till Mahabharat War) West must learn from Hindu Shashtra. Hinduism (Jainism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and humanism) peaches love and affection. Sarve Bhaventu Sukhinah approach to humanity. https://unnwo.blogspot.com/2022/10/does-cultural-hindutva-cause-conflict.html
7 July 2023
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BZ_DZSHHRMc (17:29 onwards) West is losing .
5 July 2023
President Vladimir #Putin at the #SCO Heads of State Council meeting:
Our organization is strongly committed to creating a truly just and multipolar world order, based on international law <...> with the central, coordinating role of the #UN.
https://twitter.com/mfa_russia/status/1676228841046433792
20 June 2023
"Pres. Xi: China & the US should act with a sense of responsibility for history, for the people & for the world, and handle China-U.S. relations properly, so as to help make the world, which is changing & turbulent, more stable, certain & constructive."
https://twitter.com/XIEYongjun_CHN/status/1670753166386921472
18 June 2023
President #Putin: It's hard to force nations to foolishly follow someone's interests in today's world. How do you force a country with a multi-million population not to buy Russia's grain? This is counterproductive for the global economy & unacceptable for millions of people.https://twitter.com/mfa_russia/status/1669825785396428803
"President Putin: Common sense, business initiative & market forces outweigh politics. This also demonstrates that this ugly & de-facto neo-colonial international system no longer works, while the multipolar world order is becoming stronger." 17 June 2023 - Twitter https://twitter.com/mfa_russia/status/1669970661060534273
Democratic countries, flawed democracy, Hybrid democracy, Authoritarian democracy. Chart published by Western democracies. https://twitter.com/stats_feed/status/1668608603484217344
11 June 2023
8 June 2023
Russia Foreign Minister LAVROV: "Westerners say that everyone must respect 'the rules-based order'. According to these 'rules,' the Russian language and Orthodoxy present a terrible threat to a world which wants to forget Christian values, Muslim values, and the values of all world religions, replacing them with their 'rainbow practices'. Look at how the West, having started a war against the Russian Federation through the Ukrainian regime, is treating the Russian language and Orthodoxy and the canonical Ukrainian Orthodox Church. We must stand up for our ideals, our history, the right to our language, culture, and religion, and the right to live for ourselves, our children, and our grandchildren. This spiritual determination is an enormous support for our men who are risking their lives defending these rights and values in the battlefield against an openly Russophobic and neo-Nazi regime." https://twitter.com/upholdreality/status/1666482773849264133
Russia Security Chief PATRUSHEV: "The continued crisis around Ukraine is not beneficial to anyone except the United States. Today, Washington has brought all of Europe to its knees, forcing it to submit. The goal is to maximize the benefits for its own economy by weakening the European Union, which could have become one of the centers of a multipolar world." https://twitter.com/upholdreality/status/1666532310441656320
9 June 2023
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If Europe can have its own currency known as Euro, then there is no harm if BRICS has its own currency known by some new name(not Yuan, Rubbel or Rupee).
भारत जिस ब्रिक्स का सदस्य है, वो चर्चा में क्यों है? क्या ब्रिक्स के बहाने चीन बढ़ाना चाहता है अपना दबदबा? क्या चीन और रूस बनाना चाहते हैं एक नया वर्ल्ड ऑर्डर या फिर पश्चिमी देशों के खिलाफ एकजुट होने का मंच बन रहा है ब्रिक्स? भारत को होगा फायदा या नुकसान. भारत समेत दुनिया के 5 देशों के इस मंच में क्यों शामिल होना चाहते हैं कई देश? ये सारे सवाल क्यों उठे, आइए जानते हैं जवाब.
It is required, for USA is trying to dominate others without taking their consents.
28 May 2023
Unipolar World
People without Borders (Jaipal Datta)
Engineers without Borders (New Zealand)
6.1 Engineers Without Borders Australia
6.2 Engineers without Borders (Canada)
"The project “Industries without Borders?” was launched as part of the German-Franco Academy for the Industry of the Future as a cooperation between the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and the Institute Mines-Télécom (IMT) in November 2017. It aims to explore the transformation of contemporary industries and involves sociologists, economists, management and strategy researchers. In contemporary discourse, we can find the imagination that organizational borders are increasingly challenged or dissolved by digitalization. For instance, there is the idea that new digital technologies show the potential to remove barriers between a range of heterogeneous elements, such as production technologies, organizations, innovative activities and products, to name just a few. In this regard, the concept of “the industry of the future” anticipates the hopes and fears related to a more boundaryless industrial production. The project “industries without borders” pays attention to how organizational borders are dissolved or disappearing, but also how they are reinforced or created. While openness is one of the buzzwords of the last decade (keywork: open innovation), this does not mean that boundaries lose their significance in the organization of industries. In a comparative effort, the project is devoted to the development of theoretically informed empirical insights on dynamics of re-organization in contemporary industries." (Dr.Uli Meyer, Dr. Judith Igelsbock, Dr. Elena Zelesniack)
21 May 2023 - One Earth - One Family - One Future (Hindu Philosophy)
1. Quad group has established itself as an important platform for peace, stability & prosperity in the Indo-pacific: PM Modi at #Quad meeting that took place on the sidelines of G7 summit in Japan.
with co-authorship of Belarus
, Venezuela
, Zimbabwe
, Kenya
, Kyrgyzstan
, Cuba
, Myanmar
, Nicaragua
, Syria
, Tajikistan
& Turkmenistan
decided to strengthen the Associated Schools Program on its 70th anniversary.png)
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1. International orders are created by great powers. The United States is the unipolar world after 1989. India is with the United States, not because both states are democracies but because the US and India are together to contain China. India is worried about its northern borders and the expansion of naval forces by China. Please note, he said, that Russia and China are realists. John Mearsheimer is a realist. Australia must decide between the United States and China. "Australia shall do what is in the interest of Australia" - This is nationalism. Sovereign countries control their borders to control territory. Nationalism does not matter and borders are to be opened. But nationalism always wins. "You can tolerate open borders up to a certain limit but not beyond the limit.: John Mearsheimer - "Either you are friend or you are enemy". If Chinese growth continues then it is a danger to the USA. Russia is not a major power anymore. The US is not worried about Russia. But the USA has committed the mistake to spoil relations with Russia.
The so-called rules-based international order is under serious threat. But it is a mistake to blame Donald Trump. In fact, that order was bound to fail, because the key policies on which it rested are deeply flawed. Contrary to the policy consensus in Washington, Brussels and Canberra, democracy is not an export commodity. Since the collapse of Soviet Communism, liberal excesses have provoked a powerful nationalist backlash. Moreover, the “unipolar moment” that defined U.S. grand strategy in the post-Cold War era is over. In the emerging multipolar world, there will be a realist order to manage the global economy, and Chinese-led and U.S.-led bounded orders that will help the two great powers to prosecute their security competition.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7kRtt4Jrd_Y&t=1464s (The liberal International order - 3 years before)
2. John Mearsheimer explains the Unipolar world and how NATO expansion was continuous since 2008. The US is so powerful that Russia cannot do anything. Ukraine wants to be under the US umbrella. But Russians shall act against it. Ukraine must learn from John Mearsheimer, who explains my view of thinking about Ukraine. Russia is not a threat to Finland and Sweden. It is foolish on the part of Finland and Sweden.
Russia wants more area in the Arctic. So Finland and Sweden took the side of the US. The US has made a bad approach and it has further worsened. American leaders are committing mistakes. It is a very dangerous situation as far as atomic war is concerned.
Russia and China are joining with each other. It shall affect Southeast Asia. China and Russia are interdependent on each other. They are asymmetrically dependent. Ukraine and Russian war shall continue for a long time. After some time it may be cold peace and both may be tired of fighting. Russia is the weakest force between the three world powers. Chinese are the winner in this Ukraine war.
This is a war to the death for Russians. The US committed a mistake in 2008 regarding Ukraine. US is looking for methods to come out but there is no way out now. Very soon Ukrainian will launch an aggressive march against Russia then Russia may use Atomic war.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yl7goPRw_eE (28 April 2023)
18 May 2023
SERGEY LAVROV - Foreign Minister of Russia: "Europe has completely lost its independence. Whatever French President Emmanuel Macron may say about “strategic autonomy,” or Josep Borrell may declare about the need for Europe to be more active in the Indo-Pacific Region, Europe has ceded all its positions to the North Atlantic Alliance. And it has ceded even in a legal sense, having signed a declaration to that effect, which clearly indicates the EU’s place and states the supremacy of NATO institutions. The Americans will therefore decide when and how to use Europe to their advantage. It is clear that the most aggrieved party (apart from the Ukrainian people) in terms of developments around Ukraine are the Europeans. This concerns the depletion of their budgets and the stance they are being forced to take to pump Ukraine full of arms and funds to maintain a basic budgetary balance and to pay pensions, benefits and salaries, at their own expense. The de-industrialisation of Europe is in full swing."
https://twitter.com/upholdreality/status/1658867327713124355
14 May 2023
Will Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (POK) be the epicentre of World War 3? This video explores the possibility, along with China's involvement and the Taiwan angle. Watch to learn more about the geopolitical dynamics at play.
The theory of complex interdependence certifies that economic interdependence shall minimize conflict. States may not fight with each other, for they are economically dependent on each other. Germany purchased gas from Russia. So it was assumed that there shall not be war. But it does not happen. Russia was threatened by NATO so Russia waged a war.
The theory is that democracies may not wage war. If there are more democracies, than there shall not be war, for the people may not like war and leaders may be afraid of losing elections. Examples of Iraq, and Syria certify that it is not the case.
Liberal institutionalism can bring peace. It means United Nations as an institution shall implement peace around the world. Kashmir issue, Aksai area explains that institutions can avoid war. But it does not happen. United Nations are successful in many areas but it could not avoid war. UN works on hunger and peaceful ideology.
War is always going on. There may not be a direct war. The indirect war was waged by powerful countries against weak countries. Cyber warfare, Information warfare, Economic warfare, and civil society warfare are the other means to take over other nations. Weapons are important, but strategists of
War is a necessity. War purifies society. Corrupt practices to be destroyed. It cannot be fought without war, for corruption is more powerful and corruption causes inequality and violence. Self-help is the only help - each state can do. The nation should always be ready for war. Ideology cannot bring peace.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jBzqxy7u08o - Study IQ informs.
2 April 2023
"Those who killed Muammar Gaddafi, today are coming to teach us about democracy." Zambia's opposition leader, Fred M'membe, blasts Kamala Harris during her visit to Africa. Absolutely powerful speech by an African leader.
https://twitter.com/i/status/1642186947006177280 / https://twitter.com/sahouraxo/status/1642186947006177280
7 April 2023
1. Macron visits China. China and France are two major powers and veto powers like Russia. France do not want a nuclear war in Europe as many French people will also be affected by the conflict between Russia and Ukraine bzw. east European countries.
"In disrespect of stern and repeated warnings from China, @iingwen sneaked into the U.S. and met @SpeakerMcCarthy . One-China principle is China’s bottom line, but why have Tsai and some U.S. politicians still challenged it? Here is what Wang Ping-chung from Taiwan told me."(3) Liu Xin刘欣 on Twitter: "In disrespect of stern and repeated warnings from China, @iingwen sneaked into the U.S. and met @SpeakerMcCarthy. One-China principle is China’s bottom line, but why have Tsai and some U.S. politicians still challenged it? Here is what Wang Ping-chung from Taiwan told me. https://t.co/klsCN7PdAO" / Twitter
2. Johan Galtung on US Dollar as on today "we are going to have a lot of fun together. Let us hope for the sake of LIFE as it were before AI, that whoever is programming you, imbues you with an ethical code proactively aware of #peacestudies101 + #BHNjg + #solutionindicativeconflicttransformation" Read his article Galtung Johan. The US in the world system: Some theories and reflections. International Social Science Journal, vol 32, no.4, 1980. https://twitter.com/JohanGaltung/status/1643879607324626945
3. https://twitter.com/JohanGaltung/status/1643976832721768449
4. Military power can never solve the problem. https://twitter.com/JohanGaltung/status/1643806867640971264
1 April 2023
Violence is the problem and not the solution. Greed and grievance cause conflict. Violence is politics by other means to resolve conflict of interests. Power decides which rule to follow and who is a war criminal. Haves are prime movers of the economy. But without haves not, haves cannot prime the mover. Both are facets of the same coin known as life. Direct and indirect nonviolence is the only solution.
https://twitter.com/JohanGaltung/status/1641805988410826755
31 March 2023
Direct and Indirect violence and peace by Johan Galtung
Your "seams of society" as I systematize them: Relation to Nature // Gender Relations // Intergenerational Relations // Phenotype Relations // Class Relations // Primordial-Ethnos Relations // State Relations // Normalcy vs. Deviance Definitions // Centre vs. Periphery Dynamics.
https://twitter.com/JohanGaltung/status/1057702211642449925
Mistake of U.S.
https://twitter.com/JohanGaltung/status/1641644788389756928
https://twitter.com/JohanGaltung/status/1641445950320431106
https://twitter.com/JohanGaltung/status/1641413890406850562
"The United States, the self-appointed global dictator, will once again [at the the "Summit for Democracy"] declare itself the defender of international law and is sure to claim that the world must live by its rules." Russia
https://twitter.com/mfa_russia/status/1641556411308974081
Al Jazeera informs about United States democratic practices
https://twitter.com/RnaudBertrand/status/1641227916397907968
27 March 2023
Learn from the Mahabharat of the Indian Episode of Hindus to maintain peace for four and five generations (400-500 years). Learn that greed and grievance caused conflict within the life span of Bhism Pitamah even if many peace-loving elders were present during that time.
A unipolar world is better than a bipolar or multipolar world, though many polar may be active under a unipolar democratic welfare world.
Brahma also sleeps for one hundred years after living for hundred years with all yugas.
https://teachingsofgeeta.blogspot.com/2007/09/geeta-holy-book.html
The same is expressed by Johan Galtung.
"Careful: Don’t fall for that “Balance of Power” bla bla. It doesn’t work. If Peace (nonviolent cooperation for mutual and equal added benefits - see #MEABjg) really is the goal, look for dialogues based on reciprocity, empathy & parity in all domains of interest & interaction. The problem with “force” & the much-taunted “balance of power”, is that the prior primes for traumatized futures & the latter invariably produces imbalance due to the perennial competition for power. Remedy&Solution?
Make #PEACEpolitics more clear & more commanding than war." JG (Johan Galtung)https://twitter.com/JohanGaltung/status/1639819889731940354
Johan Galtung's Peace initiative
"Johan Galtung - A Mini Theory of Peace The basic point is that peace is a relation, between two or more parties. The parties may be inside a person, a state or nation, a region or civilization, pulling in different directions. Peace is not a property of one party alone, but a property of the relation between parties. Saying that in no sense belittles the significance of the party's intent and capability to build peaceful relations. But, like a marriage, it is not the sum of the capabilities of the parties. Which is why we can have lovely people related in a lessthan-lovely marriage. And vice versa.
What kind of relations can we have? Three types, it seems:
NEGATIVE, DISHARMONIOUS: what is bad for one is good for the Other.
INDIFFERENT: a non-relation, they do not care about the Other.
POSITIVE, HARMONIOUS: what is bad-good for one is bad-good for Other.
In the real world relations may be mixes of all three. When the negative relation is brought about with intent, the party is an actor, we talk about direct violence, or harm, and about war if the actor is collective.
If the violence to a party is not intended (but watch out for acts of commission, more or less intended!) it maybe referred to as indirect, often caused by inequitable structures producing harm - structural violence. And then the role of culture legitimizing either or both types of violence: cultural violence. From this follow two concepts of peace:
NEGATIVE PEACE: the absence of violence, like a cease-fire, like keeping them apart, not negative but indifferent relations.
POSITIVE PEACE: the presence of harmony, intended or not. They are as different as negative health, the absence of (symptoms of) illness and positive health, the feeling of wellness and the capacity to handle some illness. From this, then, follow three types of peace studies:
NEGATIVE PEACE STUDIES: how to reduce-eliminate negative relations.
POSITIVE PEACE STUDIES: how to build ever more harmonious relations.
VIOLENCE-WAR-ARMS STUDIES: the intent and capability to inflict harm.
The third, very frequently found, may be useful, but only when coupled with studies of the intent and capability to build harmony. One approach to negative peace studies opens for PEACE AND CONFLICT STUDIES, seeing violence-war as the smoke signals from the underlying fire of a conflict. And that leads to a major approach to negative peace: remove the conflict, by solving it or, more modestly, by transforming it so that the parties can handle it in a nonviolent way, with empathy for each other, and with creativity.
The root of a conflict is always a contradiction, an incompatibility or clash of goals which then easily translates into a class of parties and violent behavior. At any stage in this process negative attitudes may enter - and attitudes, behavior and contradictions then feed into each other in vicious cycles.
In the wake of those processes are traumatized parties and actors with festering wounds on body, mind and spirit. That leads us to the two key tasks in search of, as a minimum, negative peace: MEDIATION to resolve the incompatibility, and CONCILIATION, healing the traumas, removing them from the relation between the parties, and closure.
If some closure is brought about without conflict resolution we should not talk about conciliation but pacification - a non-starter. A useful metaphor is to turn the page in the history of their relations, opening a blank page. If that page remains blank, nothing positive, nothing negative, only indifference has been obtained. Arguably better than hatred and harm, but a non-relation may easily remain one." Johan Galtung Mini-Theory-of-Peace.pdf (galtung-institut.de)
24 March 2023
On March 24, 1999, the North Atlantic bloc started bombing Yugoslavia in gross violation of the fundamental principles of international law enshrined in the UN Charter.
No NATO representative has been called to account.
22 March 2023
Conflict is not equal to violence as per Johan Galtung . Galtung tweets report of Double Down News.
https://twitter.com/JohanGaltung/status/1638162361478414337
21 March 2023
Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida addressed the 41st Sapru House lecture on “Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP)” in Delhi on March 20. While delivering his speech, Kishida said, “India is an indispensable partner and I believe India and Japan are in an extremely unique position in the current International relations and further in the history of the world. India is the largest democracy in the world. I have always viewed with great respect the way such a huge and diverse country as India has developed a democracy.”
21 March 2023
President Xi Jinping reached Russia on Monady the 20 March 2023 during war between Russia and Ukraine and stated that: No country is superior to others, no model of governance is universal, and no single country should dictate the international order. The common interest of all humankind is in a world that is united and peaceful, rather than divided and volatile.
Unilateral sanction is a product and tool of power politics & the law of the jungle and has long been opposed by the international community. This is a serious issue that should be high on the agenda of multilateral human rights institutions.
https://twitter.com/MFA_China/status/1637816212599066624
Our countries [Russia and China], together with like-minded actors, have consistently advocated the shaping of a more just multipolar world order based on international law rather than certain ”rules“ serving the needs of the ”golden billion.
https://twitter.com/mfa_russia/status/1637798310344900608/photo/1
The US needs to abandon the outdated Monroe doctrine, truly and fully respect other countries’ right to independently make foreign policies, and stop interfering in other countries' sovereign affairs. https://twitter.com/MFA_China/status/1637817727481008130
There is nothing democratic about touting one’s own model of democracy to other countries in the name of promoting democracy https://twitter.com/MFA_China/status/1637816856072388608
The ICC needs to take a just & objective position, respect the jurisdictional immunity of a head of state under int’l law, prudently exercise its mandate in accordance with the law, interpret & apply int’l law in good faith, and avoid politicization & double standards.
https://twitter.com/MFA_China/status/1637817223602483200
The “rules-based international order”, which bypasses the UN and the international law, is just another way of sugarcoating the “might-is-right” approach and the law of the jungle.
https://twitter.com/MFA_China/status/1637817033898311680/photo/1
19 March 2023
"Sadly, the violent, illegal actions of NATO since the end of the Cold War cannot just be swept under the carpet. Until the West comes to terms with its own crimes and punishes its own perpetrators, it has no credibility to advance solutions. NATO has to go." Johan Galtung retweeted tweet of Ákos Horváth @hfakos https://twitter.com/JohanGaltung/status/1637030181075386373
18 March 2023
The 
obediently serves 
interests, while toying with fantasies of global power. No one else is fooled.
Stop playing wargames.
Stop alienating trading partners.
Stop interfering in third countries
Stop robbing the Global South
Stand up for international law
https://twitter.com/ClareDalyMEP/status/1636704582486073345
"It's important to recognize that if human conflicts are created by the misuse of human intelligence, we can also utilize our intelligence to find ways and means to overcome them. When human intelligence and human goodness are used together, all our actions become constructive." Dalai Lama https://twitter.com/DalaiLama/status/1636665094930038785
"Putin’s regime is not ideological. It may be based on one ideology or another, but the devaluation of values is the basis of this regime. There are no values, only interests. No one will act in the name of values, but only to make money" https://twitter.com/ClubdeMadrid/status/1636690487703740417
17 March 2023
"We are facing a new era after Russia's aggression against Ukraine. The idea of having a more multilateral world open to dialogue has to be postponed. We are becoming a bipolar world" - Aleksander Kwasniewski, President of Poland (1995-2005) and Member of Club de Madrid
The world should be multi-polar. Bi-Polar is better than unipolar. World is divided into haves and haves not. Which type of world is better? Multipolar, Bi-Polar or Unipolar? The study is required. I am of the opinion Unipolar world may provide peace, but Maha Bharat explains that greed and grievance caused conflict thousand years before. Let each culture decide what type of governance they need. The democracy of one culture cannot be imposed on the democracy of the other culture. Democracy is democracy. It can not be a democracy for one and autocracy for the other. Some academics are intelligent to create conflict, which benefits elites and academics.
https://twitter.com/ClubdeMadrid/status/1636388592112263170
HOST: "Do you have such fears that arms deliveries to Ukraine will flood the Middle East with illegal weapons?" BASHAR AL ASSAD: "We have no fears for the simple reason that there are far more weapons that will come directly from the West to these terrorist groups than those that will leak out. And those weapons are coming anyway. The U.S. is constantly looking for terrorists to recruit and provide them with all kinds of weapons. If there is corruption, selling and leaking of weapons, it will happen, but it will only be a small fraction of what will come to these terrorist groups directly from the U.S. Of course, this was the case in Syria. France, for example, sent state-of-the-art anti-tank missile systems to the terrorists. Certainly at U.S. direction. The U.S. provided them with advanced advanced air defense missiles. The terrorists have all the satellites. What does the leakage of small stockpiles of weapons mean? Nothing. They have everything, they are an alternative army to the regular army of the United States and the rest of the NATO member states."
https://twitter.com/upholdreality/status/1636308871043055616
The problem of the environment is created by the west and imposed on the south.
See the daring of an Indian official on an international platform in Glasgow. Salute to Vijay Singh, IAS. What a choice of Indian Government to send such a person.
https://twitter.com/mini_razdan10/status/1636278855278252033
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yf8VBD-LKhs
16 March 2023
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EPIJTcyHRQE
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15 March 2023 - Unipolar or Bipolar World -
According to John Mearsheimer, international politics is to be a hegemon. The United States does not want Europe, Russia, and China to be powerful to challenge the USA. The US does not want competitors.
Does United Nations lose power?
The Centre for Independent Studies - John Mearsheimer
"As China converts its growing economic power into military power, it will seek to dominate Asia the way the U.S. has dominated the western hemisphere since the 19th century. Washington will go to great lengths to prevent China from seeking regional hegemony. The tensions over tariffs, Taiwan and Hong Kong are just the beginning of a deteriorating Sino-American relationship. Australian foreign-policy elites seem to think that they can either wish away the intense security competition or that, if the conflict materialises, Canberra can sit on the sidelines: China and the US can duke it out while Australia is safe, secure and prosperous. Perhaps, but this is not how international politics works. John Mearsheimer is professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago and author of The Tragedy of Great Power Politics (W.W. Norton, 2001)."
https://twitter.com/caitoz/status/1635434371535769602
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsFwKzYI5_4
India today interviews John Mearsheimer and Kishore
In this exclusive India Today global conversation, Rahul Kanwal speaks with Kishore Mahbubani, FMR, President, UNSC, Prof. John J Mearsheimer, Political Scientist, and Samir Saran, President ORF on combating and containing the rise of China. A challenge that not only India but the whole world is grappling with. Watch to find out more.
Will Fight With China Push India Closer To the US? | Newstrack With Rahul Kanwal - Case history discussed on 21 June 2020. The theory of John Mearsheimer is becoming true. There is a very chance of war with China and Russia.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yC-2QVOQcg8
5 March 2023
Tony Blair confirms that the US is the superpower (Unipolar) in the world. Jai Shankar told about colonial rule of England as shown in RRR film. External Affairs Minister #Jaishankar hurled a humorous jibe at British era in front of ex-UK PM #TonyBlair. During discussion at Raisina Dialogue, Jaishankar reminded Blair of colonial era by citing blockbuster #RRR. During the humorous conversation, cricketer Kevin Pietersen steered clear by switching sides. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NiLZbzkc62w
1 March 2023
22. February 20223
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21 February 2023
1. As America's global empire of influence crumbles, a new alliance is looking to replace it. It consists of Russia, Iran & China. Will this alliance create a new World Order? Priyanka Sharma explains. - 21 February 2023.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z46lDpVAi10
SKY NEWS: How the conflict has developed over the past year? Biden visits Ukraine and boosts morale of Ukrainians.
2. Sky's Defence and Security Analyst Professor Michael Clarke analyses how the conflict in Ukraine has evolved over the past 12 months. Russia initially occupied 20% of Ukrainian territory before a counter-attack led to some territory around Kharkiv, Kherson and west of the Dnipro river being reclaimed by Ukraine. Recent movement could all be ahead of a major Russian assault using aircraft he says, but it's not clear when this will occur.
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